Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained. Feb 26, 2015 ppt on deforestation by mandar gadkari. Tree roots pull water out of the ground and release it as water vapor into the air. Deforestation in recent days has become the curse of our world that resulted in the. The dark areas are forest, the white is deforested areas, and the gray is regrowth. Essay on the meaning of deforestation essay on the history of deforestation in india essay on the causes for deforestation essay on the effects of deforestation essay. Deforestation impacts on the wider ecosystem and public health. Deforestation and air temperature being the primary reason behind global warming, we need to show greater. Deforestation and degradation of forests create ecological problems in every part of the. This shows that the major occupation of the inhabitants is agriculture farming and fuel wood trade this is due to their low level of education, most of the respondents are subsistence farmers crowing crops such as maize, groundnuts, cassava. Deforestation also has adverse impacts on biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, increasing negative feedback cycles contributing to global warming. However, being deteriorated by different drivers it is becoming a global agenda with deeprooted implications following the massive forest clearance and deterioration.
Penny encyclopedia of life support systems eolss the situation in africa is particularly acute, but even the densely populated asian and pacific regions contain roughly 1. Impacts of deforestation on vectorborne disease incidence. This is because trees are no longer anchoring and binding the soil and so mud slides take place. Deforestation is a contributor to global climate change, and is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect 7. Deforestation eliminates a great number of species of plants and animals which also often results in an increase in disease. Deforestation facts and information national geographic. This research was conducted to diagnose the causes of deforestation and forest. Pdf deforestation effects on soil properties, runoff and. Degradation of astanding forest, like deforestation, reduces carbonstorage,thequalityofspecieshabitat,andtheprovision of local ecosystem services, such as water quality. Deforestation is a primary contributor to climate change. Deforestation leads to loss of cultural diversity, loss of biodiversity. Deforestation deforestation regrowth undisturbed forest forest fragments figure 1. Urban sprawl is one of the most difficult deforestation related issues to solve.
The rise of industrialization has worsened the problem with deforestation. Land use changes, especially in the form of deforestation, are the second largest anthropogenic source of atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions, after fossil fuel combustion. Most of the clearing is done for agricultural purposesgrazing cattle, planting crops. Penny encyclopedia of life support systems eolss population growth and increasing per capita demands for forest products and therefore forest exploitation, and the conversion of forested land for the purpose. When this happens, farmers pack up and move on to the next section of the rainforest, leaving their farmland behind for. There are several effects of deforestation on earths climate and nature. Even taking into account natural disasters such as hurricanes or wild fires, humans are accountable for almost all deforestation on the planet, which amounts to a whopping 1. According to nasa and ipcc, global temperature has increased by 1. As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases, a layer forms in the atmosphere that traps sun radiation. Concluding remarks there is a clear linkages between deforestation and worlds demands of fiber, food, and fuel understanding the underlying or indirect causes of deforestation is crucial to address redd and climate change most deforestation is driven from outside forestry sector e. Deforestation is has a result of the interaction of environmental, social, cultural and political forces in a given region. The effects of deforestation are mainly causing our environment worse, such as soil erosion, biodiversity impacts and social effects. There is a broad consensus that expansion of cropped areas and pastures are a major source of. Impacts of deforestation atmospheric impact deforestation is ongoing and is shaping climate and geography of ethiopia.
Unesco eolss sample chapters land use, land cover and soil sciences vol. Greenhouse gases are emitted during combustion of forest biomass and decomposition of remaining plant material and soil carbon. According to united nations food and agriculture organization fao, we lose over 7 million hectares of forest every year. Various forestry practices can reduce the impacts of deforestation, and several market approaches are evolving to compensate landowners for preserving their forests. Deforestation results in a decline in biodiversity and is known to have caused the extinction of many species. Causes, effects and control strategies find, read and cite all the research you. Causes of deforestation in pakistan is open for the scholarship allows level programms in the field of taught at the deadline of the scholarhip is. Direct causes people have been deforesting the earth for thousands of years, primarily to clear land for crops or livestock.
An increasing supplydemand for products such as palm oil and soybeans are driving producers to clear forests at an unnerving rate. Impacts of deforestation on socioeconomic development. Impacts of deforestation on the loss of biodiversity. Deforestation causes of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Deforestation is almost completely caused by human activity. There is a clear linkages between deforestation and worlds demands of fiber, food, and fuel understanding the underlying or indirect causes of deforestation is crucial to address redd and climate change most deforestation is driven from outside forestry sector e. Basic concepts of deforestation, degradation, and fragmentation 2. Deforestation is the main concern in tropical rainforests since they are home to millions of animals and much biodiversity. Pdf deforestation causes, impacts and restoration strategies.
Deforestation can be defined as the largescale removal of trees from forests or other lands for the facilitation of human activities. It consists of a complex of social, political, economic. A competitive global economy drives the need for money in economically challenged tropical countries. This is due to the fact that, at its base, urban sprawl is driven by overpopulation. The drivers of tropical deforestation can be summed up as complex socioeconomic processes that are impossible to isolate a single cause. The soil only stays nutrient rich for so long, about two years11, after this time, the nutrients from the burned biomass are used up. Forests fires may arise on the account of natural, accidental, and human causes. Typically, deforestation is clearing a lot of trees without the intention of establishing future growth. Not only does the lumber industry impact local deforestation, but it also impacts the whole environment, as deforestation is a major driver of climate change. Causes and drawbacks essay 4 400 words deforestation is the process of cutting down of trees and forests completely or partially for different reasons like manufacturing different products with various parts of the tree as raw material, to build structures and other buildings, etc. Immediate effects of deforestation include the washing away of soil in the monsoon season.
Deforestation is one of the major causes to the environmental degradation which is affected by the agents like small farmers, ranches, loggers and plantation companies. Many challenges remain for implementing redd programs, particularly internationally. Agricultural technologies and tropical deforestation. Illegal logging is the primary cause of deforestation. To examine some causes and consequences of tropical deforestation. The consequences of deforestation are devastating, and may, amongst other negative impacts, result in a reduction in the provision of overall ecosystem services, and also contribute to. Pdf on apr 25, 2012, sumit chakravarty and others published deforestation. There are many factors that contribute to deforestation, each with its own causes and negative environmental impacts. Tropical rainforests are the most diverse ecosystems on earth and about 80% of the worlds known biodiversity eminates from them. Indeed some 31 countries do not even make the list because they have already removed most of their forests and even if that remain are seriously fragmented and degraded. Abstract deforestation has been in the center of most world discussions as the major cause of climate change and environmental as well as atmospheric challenges which has adverse consequence on human settlement as well as plant and animal natural habitat. Preliminary study on the drivers of deforestation and. Extreme weather condition, changing agricultural yields and increase in the disease vectors are some of the other effects of global warming. Deforestation causes extinction, changes to climatic conditions, desertification, and displacement of populations, as observed by current conditions and in the past through the fossil record.
The consequences of deforestation are mainly negative. Forest fires such as the ones that commonly happen in dry tropical forests are a major cause of forest degradation. There is a broad consensus that expansion of cropped areas and pastures are a major source of deforestation. Deforestation definition, causes, effects, and control. The first form of agriculture that will be examined is slash and burn agriculture. A project on deforestation projectee ivb shubham mashidkar shubham sangole mandar gadkari kirti chandrashekar rao sumant mahulkar under the guidance of prof. Impacts of deforestation on the loss of biodiversity zambrut. Causes and impacts of deforestation and forest degradation. Pakistan is not selfsufficient in wood based products and spends billions of rupees on import of wood and wood based products.
Hence, the objectives of this study are to compare selected soil properties, runoff amount, erosion and also introducing equations to predict the runoff. Whenever forest fires are experienced, thousands of acres of trees and vegetation cover are wiped out. At the national level, governments sell logging concessions to raise money for projects, to pay international debt, or. This paper will first look at ecological, economic, and social impacts of forest fires, the causes including intermediate causes, secondary causes and underlying. Harvesting, forest fires, and insect infestations do not count as deforestation because the affected areas will eventually grow back. Insufficient political actions and governance failure as inadequate land. Loss of native species allows new species to come to dominance.
Deforestation is the conversion of forest to an alternative permanent nonforested land use such as agriculture, grazing or urban development. This can include clearing the land for agriculture or grazing, or using the timber for fuel, construction. Although tropical forests are largely confined to developing countries, they arent just meeting local or national needs. The issue of deforestation in the brazilian amazon can be seen to be more than just. Deforestation, an ongoing problem in the developing world, creates ideal conditions for vectors to breed and spread infectious diseases.
Deforestation is the permanent destruction of forests in order to utilize the land or trees. Deforestation also disrupts the water cycle, which is the circulation of water between the earth and the atmosphere. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. A critical study of the literature about deforestation in the. The three main causes of deforestation in the world are. Forests are being cut down for many various reasons but the biggest driver of deforestation is urbanization. Slash and burn agriculture can be a sound agricultural practice in many instances, and has long been practiced by. A critical study of the literature about deforestation in the brazilian amazon honors thesis samuel morrill.
The causes attributed to deforestation are multivariate in nature, interrelated and differ at local, national as well as regional scale. Pdf global warming and climate change, causes, impacts and. Agents, causes, and consequences of deforestation, degradation, and fragmentation. Causes of deforestation farming, grazing of livestock, mining, and drilling combined account for more than half of all deforestation. Pdf restoration forestry or ecoforestry or sustainable forestry is basically not aimed to produce forest trees for logging or any sort of human.
Further on order to gain access to these forests, the construction of roads are undertaken where a large number of trees are chopped to create roads. Natural causes as hurricanes, fires, parasites and floods human activities as agricultural expansion, cattle breeding, timber extraction, mining, oil extraction, dam construction and infrastructure development. Pdf impact of deforestation on climate change iosr. Improper cultivation practices are seriously degrading native forest ecosystems in northern iran. This analysis of the competing positions on the causes and consequences of deforestation in the brazilian amazon applies two critical questions to the selected literature. Farmers often clear the land for cattle by using slash and burn techniques cutting down trees and burning them. As a result of the exploding population the rate of deforestation in akwanga is becoming quite alarming, fertile agricultural land is gradually. This book attempts to justify the reasons of deforestation, afforestation and reforestation with available examples and. Deforestation causes, impacts and restoration strategies. A major cause of deforestation is agriculture plantations. Deforestation is the permanent removal of trees to make room for something besides forest. Deforestation and climate change climate institute.
Atmospheric for global warming deforestation is the major contributor. Based on papers presented at a workshop held inturrialba, costa rica, mar. Pdf global warming and climate change, causes, impacts. It is a serious environmental concern since it can result in the loss of biodiversity, damage to natural habitats, disturbances in the water cycle, and soil erosion. In understanding interrelated causes of deforestation and forest degradation. Deforestation causes can either be direct or indirect.
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